Maintenance is one of those things you either don’t even consider, rarely ever do, do yourself or pay someone to do for you. There isn’t much gray area in between on the “how to get maintenance done” spectrum.
Reactive
You drive your vehicles and run your equipment to the point of failure and fix things as they break. Many casual motorists can be lumped into this category. It may cost you less up front, but will certainly cost you more time and money down the road. This is a POOR maintenance strategy.
Reactive maintenance may leave you stranded.
Preventative
You invest just enough time in maintenance to prevent major breakdowns, typically by following the schedule printed in your owner’s manual. While this will maintain your manufacturer’s warranty, and is preferable to reactive maintenance, it is only a FAIR maintenance strategy.
Preventative maintenance requires more than just 3,000-mile oil changes.
Predictive
You periodically inspect, service and clean your vehicles and equipment to maintain an understanding of their exact condition and to identify problems as soon as they happen. By understanding your equipment and keeping an eye on things you are executing a GOOD maintenance strategy.
Proactive
You attempt to predict when things will fail based on the anticipated service life of each component, measured via historical data, mileage, operating conditions and other factors, then you proactively replace parts to prevent problems before they happen. You maintain expert-level knowledge of your equipment and have an EXCELLENT maintenance strategy.
Source : https://blog.amsoil.com/the-5-approaches-to-vehicle-maintenance/